{"id":1605,"date":"2017-04-09T14:18:45","date_gmt":"2017-04-09T14:18:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/bizimkokpit.com\/?p=1605"},"modified":"2017-04-18T16:38:16","modified_gmt":"2017-04-18T16:38:16","slug":"asiri-mesleki-nezaketten-kaza-meydana-gelir-mi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bizimkokpit.com\/index.php\/2017\/04\/09\/asiri-mesleki-nezaketten-kaza-meydana-gelir-mi\/","title":{"rendered":"A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 Mesleki Nezaketten Kaza Meydana Gelir mi?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 Mesleki Nezaketi<\/strong> \u00a0asl\u0131nda bir \u00e7e\u015fit\u00a0\u0130kili ileti\u015fim Bozuklu\u011fudur<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"170410471-57a2536a3df78c327617a448\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Havac\u0131l\u0131kta yayg\u0131n kan\u0131lardan biri de kokpitinde iki pilotu olan u\u00e7akla u\u00e7man\u0131n daha emniyetli oldu\u011fudur. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 u\u00e7uran ki\u015fiye herhangi bir \u015fey olursa, di\u011fer pilot kumanday\u0131 al\u0131r ve u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 emniyetle yere indirir. Olduk\u00e7a nadir bir durum olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, kumandadaki pilotun \u00f6nemli bir t\u0131bbi rahats\u0131zl\u0131k ge\u00e7irmesi durumunda \u015f\u00fcphesiz, kumanday\u0131 alacak ikinci bir pilotun olmas\u0131 yolcular a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan olduk\u00e7a yararl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131nda ikinci pilot<\/strong> yerine yard\u0131mc\u0131 pilot<\/strong> veya First Officer<\/strong> (F\/O<\/strong>) tabiri de kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ancak<\/strong>, aksakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda ikinci bir pilotun olmas\u0131n\u0131n avantaj oldu\u011fu \u015f\u00fcphelidir. F\/O’\u0131n u\u00e7u\u015ftaki standart veya emniyetten ufak sapmalar\u0131 farketmesine ra\u011fmen \u00e7ok muhtemel kaza \/ k\u0131r\u0131m olay\u0131na m\u00fcdahale edemeyebilece\u011fini iki farkl\u0131 kaza g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne sermektedir.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk olayda bir DHC-6 u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131, Hyannis, Massachusettes’e ILS al\u00e7almas\u0131na serbest k\u0131l\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, minimumlar\u0131n hemen \u00fczerinde bir hava vard\u0131. Sol koltuktaki sorumlu kaptan olarak u\u00e7an 61 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki \u015firket genel m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn 20. 000 saatin \u00fczerinde u\u00e7u\u015fu vard\u0131. Hi\u00e7 bir F\/O ‘\u0131n okudu\u011fu \u00e7eklistte veya ikaz\u0131na (callout) cevap vermemekle ilgili k\u00f6t\u00fc bir \u015f\u00f6hreti vard\u0131. NTSB (Ulusal Ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131k Emniyet Kurulu) ‘nin raporuna g\u00f6re yakla\u015fman\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131nda sorumlu kaptan, yunuslama ve irtifa kontrol\u00fcnde zay\u0131f bir \u00e7apraz-kontrol (cross-check) g\u00f6stermi\u015f, u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n derin bir varyo ile al\u00e7almas\u0131na m\u00fcsaade etmi\u015fti. NTSB, u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n D\u0131\u015f Marker ‘\u0131 yerden 220 ft. yukar\u0131dan, saatte 120 Kts. s\u00fcratle ve 1400 fpm varyo ile \u00fczerinden ge\u00e7ti\u011fini tespit etmi\u015ftir. Tam 6 sn. sonra da yere \u00e7arpt\u0131lar. F\/O kurtulmu\u015f, kaptan ise ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirmi\u015ftir. Yard\u0131mc\u0131 Pilot’un ”Pist g\u00f6r\u00fclmedi” d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda b\u00fct\u00fcn ikazlar\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmesine ra\u011fmen, kaptan\u0131n ikazlara asla cevap vermedi\u011fi ve gerekli d\u00fczeltme kumandalar\u0131n\u0131 da vermeyerek durumu d\u00fczeltmedi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f; yard\u0131mc\u0131 pilot ise kumandalar\u0131 devralacak hi\u00e7bir davran\u0131\u015fta bulunmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kaptan\u0131n yetersiz kalmas\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ek nedeni belirlenememi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

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\u0130kinci olayda ise sinsice, ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan yetenek sorununu te\u015fhis etmenin ne kadar zor oldu\u011funu bir yard\u0131mc\u0131 pilotun uzun raporunda g\u00f6rece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n

Yard\u0131mc\u0131 pilot bu \u00e7ok k\u0131demli kaptan\u0131 20 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fan bir s\u00fcredir tan\u0131maktayd\u0131 ve birlikte 1000 saatin \u00fczerinde u\u00e7u\u015f yapm\u0131\u015flard\u0131, Kaptan\u0131, tan\u0131d\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n en iyisi olarak g\u00f6rmekte ve onun yeteneklerine sars\u0131lmaz bir g\u00fcven duymaktayd\u0131. Bir \u015feylerin ters gitti\u011finin ilk i\u015fareti, 180 derecelik bir geciktirme vekt\u00f6r\u00fc verildi\u011finde ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131, Kaptan u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n 60\u00b0 yat\u0131\u015f ve 6000 fpm ‘lik bir dal\u0131\u015f yapmas\u0131na m\u00fcsaade etmi\u015fti, Yard\u0131mc\u0131 pilot ”yat\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131za dikkat edin” dedi\u011finde ”tamam” demi\u015f fakat durumu d\u00fczeltecek hi\u00e7bir harekette bulunmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn sonraki bir u\u00e7u\u015fta ise kuvvetli bir yan r\u00fczgar\u0131nda d\u00fczeltme yapamayarak tekrar rotaya oturmak i\u00e7in ATC’nin \u00fc\u00e7 kez ikaz ve vekt\u00f6r vermesine neden olmu\u015ftu, Daha sonra g\u00f6rerek al\u00e7alma s\u0131ras\u0131nda m\u00fcsaade edilen 3900 feet ‘i ihlal ederek fixi 3500 feet ‘te terk etmi\u015fti, G\u00f6rerek yakla\u015fmada \u00e7ok al\u00e7ak gelmi\u015f ve yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hatal\u0131 d\u00fczeltme 200 feet’te stick shaker’\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaya sebep olmu\u015ftu. Kaptan hala hi\u00e7bir \u015fey olmam\u0131\u015f gibi davranarak yard\u0131mc\u0131 pilotunu a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ele\u015ftirici bulmu\u015ftu. Ertesi g\u00fcn Kaptan, d\u00fcz u\u00e7u\u015fta, s\u00fcratin stall ‘a kadar d\u00fc\u015fmesine m\u00fcsaade etmi\u015f ve yard\u0131mc\u0131 pilotuna d\u00f6nerek ”sence bu ses nedir” diye sormu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

Her iki olaydaki farkl\u0131 y\u00f6nleri bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn; Birinde kaptan ve yard\u0131mc\u0131 pilot birbirlerini hi\u00e7 tan\u0131m\u0131yordu ve muhtemelen kokpitte so\u011fuk r\u00fczgarlar esmekteydi. Di\u011ferinde ise, pilotlar uzun s\u00fcredir dosttular ve birbirlerinin u\u00e7u\u015f yeteneklerine sayg\u0131lar\u0131 vard\u0131. Yard\u0131mc\u0131 pilotlardan birinin problemi anlay\u0131p \u00e7\u00f6zebilmek i\u00e7in \u00e7ok az zaman\u0131 olmu\u015ftu; di\u011feri ise problemin do\u011fup b\u00fcy\u00fcmekte oldu\u011funu birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde g\u00f6zleyebilmi\u015fti. Ortak tek nokta ise yard\u0131mc\u0131 pilotlar\u0131n her ikisi de kaptanlar\u0131ndan kumanday\u0131 almaya kalk\u0131\u015fmam\u0131\u015flard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Problem asl\u0131nda di\u011ferlerinin yeteneklerini sorgulamadaki do\u011fal teredd\u00fctten kaynaklanan ”A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 Mesleki Nezaket” idi. Bu teredd\u00fct ne kadar g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcd\u00fcr? United Airlines bunu ara\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in ilgin\u00e7 bir sim\u00fclat\u00f6r \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 yapt\u0131. Kaptanlardan gizlice, yakla\u015fma s\u0131ras\u0131nda herhangi bir yer ve zamanda, u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 u\u00e7urmay\u0131 b\u0131rakmalar\u0131n\u0131 ve bir problemin olu\u015ftu\u011fu izlenimini vermemelerini istedi, Sonu\u00e7 olarak profesyonel havayolu yard\u0131mc\u0131 pilotlar\u0131n\u0131n %25 ‘i kumandalar\u0131 kaptandan almayarak u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na m\u00fcsaade etmi\u015flerdir. kumanday\u0131 alanlar ise bunun i\u00e7in en az d\u00f6rt dakika kadar beklemi\u015flerdir, Yakla\u015fma esnas\u0131nda u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n emniyeti i\u00e7in d\u00f6rt dakikan\u0131n yeterince uzun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u015fikard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n sonunda yard\u0131mc\u0131 pilotlar\u0131n ”A\u015f\u0131n Mesleki Nezaket<\/strong>” ile ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131karak, gerekti\u011finde hemen harekete ge\u00e7melerini sa\u011flayan \u0130kili -\u0130leti\u015fim Kural\u0131<\/strong> geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. \u0130kili-ileti\u015fim Kural\u0131’n\u0131 uygulayabilmek i\u00e7in baz\u0131 \u015fartlar\u0131n yerine getirilmi\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. \u00d6ncelikle yakla\u015fmalar\u0131n nas\u0131l yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 ve yard\u0131mc\u0131 pilotlar\u0131n yapmas\u0131 gereken standart ikazlar\u0131n neler oldu\u011funu belirleyen iyi bir SOP\u00a0(Standart Harekat Usulleri)<\/strong>‘ne ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz u\u00e7aklar\u0131n\u0131 FCOM, FCTM ve QRH’lerinde bu konular olduk\u00e7a net bir \u015fekilde a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan SOP’lerin yerini alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130kinci olarak ”sessiz” bir yakla\u015fma usul\u00fc geli\u015ftirilmelidir. Bunun anlam\u0131, yard\u0131mc\u0131 pilot sadece SOP’nin gerektirdi\u011fi veya kaptan\u0131n istedi\u011fi ikazlar\u0131 yapacakt\u0131r. \u0130kili-\u0130leti\u015fim Kural\u0131 ‘n\u0131n gerektirdi\u011fi ikazlar, baz\u0131 kokpitler de ya\u015fanan devaml\u0131 gevezelik sebebiyle unutulabilir. (bak\u0131n\u0131z steril kokpit usulleri)<\/p>\n

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Sonu\u00e7<\/strong>: Geni\u015f bir ekip yelpazesinin oldu\u011fu yerlerde pilotlar \u0130kili-\u0130leti\u015fim Kural\u0131 ‘na g\u00f6re e\u011fitilmelidir. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck u\u00e7aklarda veya tek pilotlar bile bunu bir ara\u00e7 olarak kullanabilirler. \u0130kili-\u0130leti\u015fim Kural\u0131na uygun yeti\u015fen pilotlar, daha kontroll\u00fc al\u00e7almalar yapmakta ve genellikle gerekli ikazlar\u0131 yard\u0131mc\u0131 pilotlar\u0131na veya kendi kendilerine, yard\u0131mc\u0131 pilot ikaz\u0131 gelmeden yapmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Lokalizer’den sapan bir pilot kendi kendine ”hafif sa\u011fday\u0131m ve d\u00fczeltiyorum” der. Bu s\u00f6z yard\u0131mc\u0131 pilotun neler olup bitti\u011fini anlamas\u0131na ve kafas\u0131nda olay\u0131n fark\u0131na var\u0131p d\u00fczeltmesine yol a\u00e7ar.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 Mesleki Nezaketi \u00a0asl\u0131nda bir \u00e7e\u015fit\u00a0\u0130kili ileti\u015fim Bozuklu\u011fudur Havac\u0131l\u0131kta yayg\u0131n kan\u0131lardan biri de kokpitinde iki pilotu olan u\u00e7akla u\u00e7man\u0131n daha emniyetli oldu\u011fudur. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 u\u00e7uran ki\u015fiye herhangi bir \u015fey olursa, di\u011fer pilot kumanday\u0131 al\u0131r ve u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 emniyetle yere indirir. Olduk\u00e7a nadir bir durum olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, kumandadaki pilotun \u00f6nemli bir t\u0131bbi rahats\u0131zl\u0131k ge\u00e7irmesi durumunda \u015f\u00fcphesiz, kumanday\u0131<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1607,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,2,108,113,68,104,5,77,69],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1605","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genel","category-guvenlik","category-insan-performansi","category-kazalar","category-merak-edilenler","category-pilotaj","category-teknoloji","category-temel-bilgiler","category-ucus"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bizimkokpit.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1605","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bizimkokpit.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bizimkokpit.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bizimkokpit.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bizimkokpit.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1605"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/bizimkokpit.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1605\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1608,"href":"https:\/\/bizimkokpit.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1605\/revisions\/1608"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bizimkokpit.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1607"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bizimkokpit.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1605"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bizimkokpit.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1605"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bizimkokpit.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1605"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}